Reload Formula
Multiply the rooms regular reload time by this: (1/(1+(total crew stat)/100)) to find reload time with crew.
Engine Formula
This is the formula for a single engine room. If you have more than one you should add them at the end. It is:(capacity*(1+total engine stat/100)).
100% missile dodge
It is entirely possible to get 100% missile dodge. It is, however, extremely hard. You need exactly 117.4 engine stat in two level 10 engine rooms. If you have more in one room you can have less in the other. This is also when FDE can be useful as it brings the required crew skill in each level 10 engine down to 78 total crew stat.
Craft damage rate
No one really knows how fast craft take damage involving speed. However, speed does reduce damage taken, even if it isn't accurately measurable. Every hit from an Anti Craft Laser deals one damage, and Anti Craft Missiles.